METERS AND GAGES

PART 1-GENERAL

1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS

A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including Conditions of Contract and Division 1 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

1.2 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes meters and gages for mechanical systems and water meters installed outside the building.

B. Related Sections include the following:

1. Division 2 Section "Water Distribution" for water meters outside the building.

2. Division 13 Sections for fire-pump flow-measuring systems.

3. Division 15 Section "Fuel Gas Piping" for gas meters.

4. Mechanical equipment Sections that specify meters and gages as part of factory-fabricated equipment.

C. Utility-Furnished Products: Water meters shall be furnished by the contractor to site, ready for installation. Where install exposed to weather conditions, meters and gauges shall be corrosion resistant.

1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: Include scale range, ratings, and calibrated performance curves for each meter, gage, fitting, specialty, and accessory specified.

B. Shop Drawings: Include schedule indicating manufacturer's number, scale range, fittings, and location for each meter and gage.

C. Product Certificates: Signed by manufacturers of meters and gages certifying accuracies under specified operating conditions and compliance with specified requirements.

D. Shop Drawings: For brackets for duct-mounting thermometers.

E. Maintenance Data: For meters and gages to include in maintenance manuals specified in Division 1.

Include data for the following:

1. Flow-measuring systems.

2. Flowmeters.

3. Thermal-energy flowmeters.

4. Water meters.

1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Comply with applicable portions of ASME and ISA standards or approved equal pertaining to construction and installation of meters and gages.

B. Uniformity/standardization of meters and gages furnished, of a single manufacturer, shall be maintained throughout the airport facilities.

PART 2-PRODUCTS

2.1 THERMOMETERS, GENERAL

A. Scale Range: Temperature ranges for services listed are as follows:

1. Domestic Hot Water: 0 to 115 deg. C, with 1-degree scale divisions.

2. Domestic Cold Water: minus 18 to plus 38 deg. C, with 1-degree scale divisions.

3. Condenser Water: minus 18 to plus 70 deg. C, with 1-degree scale divisions.

4. Chilled Water: minus 18 to plus 38 deg. C, with 1-degree scale divisions.

B. Accuracy: Plus or minus 1 percent of range span or plus or minus one scale division to maximum of 1.5 percent of range span.

2.2 LIQUID-IN-GLASS THERMOMETERS

A. Description: ASTM E 1.

B. Case: Die cast and aluminum finished in baked-epoxy enamel, glass front, spring secured, 230 mm long.

C. Adjustable Joint: Finish to match case, 180-degree adjustment in vertical plane, 360-degree adjustment in horizontal plane, with locking device.

D. Tube: Red or blue reading, organic-liquid filled with magnifying lens.

E. Scale: Satin-faced nonreflective aluminum with permanently etched markings.

F. Stem: Copper-plated steel, aluminum, or brass for separable socket; of length to suit installation.

2.3 DIRECT-MOUNTING, FILLED-SYSTEM DIAL THERMOMETERS

A. Description: Vapor -actuated, universal-angle dial type.

B. Case: Drawn steel or cast aluminum, with 115 mm diameter, glass lens.

C. Adjustable Joint: Finish to match case, 180-degree adjustment in vertical plane, 360-degree adjustment in horizontal plane, with locking device.

D. Thermal Bulb: Copper with phosphor-bronze Bourdon tube pressure gage.

E. Movement: Brass, precision geared.

F. Scale: Progressive, satin-faced nonreflective aluminum with permanently etched markings.

G. Stem: Copper-plated steel, aluminum, or brass for separable socket; of length to suit installation.

2.4 REMOTE-READING, FILLED-SYSTEM DIAL THERMOMETERS

A. Description: Vapor-actuated, remote-reading dial type.

B. Case: Drawn steel or cast aluminum, with 115 mm diameter, glass lens.

C. Movement: Brass, precision geared.

D. Scale: Progressive, satin-faced nonreflective aluminum with permanently etched markings.

E. Tubing: Bronze, double-braided, armor-over-copper capillary; of length to suit installation.

F. Bulb: Copper with separable socket for liquids; averaging element for air.

2.5 BIMETAL DIAL THERMOMETERS

A. Description: ASME B40.3; direct-mounting, universal-angle dial type.

B. Case: Stainless-steel with 125 mm diameter, glass lens.

C. Adjustable Joint: Finish to match case, 180-degree adjustment in vertical plane, 360-degree adjustment in horizontal plane, with locking device.

D. Element: Bimetal coil.

E. Scale: Satin-faced nonreflective aluminum with permanently etched markings.

F. Stem: Stainless-steel for separable socket, of length to suit installation.

2.6 INSERTION DIAL THERMOMETERS

A. Description: ASME B40.3, bimetal type.

B. Dial: 25 mm diameter.

C. Case: Stainless-steel.

D. Stem: Dust proof and leak proof 3 mm diameter, tapered-end stem with nominal length of 125 mm.

2.7 SEPARABLE SOCKETS

A. Description: Fitting with protective socket for installation in threaded pipe fitting to hold fixed thermometer stem.

1. Material: Brass, for use in copper piping.

2. Material: Stainless-steel, for use in steel piping.

3. Extension-Neck Length: Nominal thickness of 50 mm, but not less than thickness of insulation. Omit extension neck for sockets for piping not insulated.

4. Insertion Length: To extend to center of pipe.

5. Cap: Threaded, with chain permanently fastened to socket.

6. Heat-Transfer Fluid: Oil or graphite.

2.8 THERMOMETER WELLS

A. Description: Fitting with protective well for installation in threaded pipe fitting to hold test thermometer.

1. Material: Brass, for use in copper piping.

2. Material: Stainless-steel, for use in steel piping.

3. Extension-Neck Length: Nominal thickness of 50 mm, but not less than thickness of insulation. Omit extension neck for wells for piping not insulated.

4. Insertion Length: To extend to center of pipe.

5. Cap: Threaded, with chain permanently fastened to socket.

6. Heat-Transfer Fluid: Oil or graphite.

B. All thermometer wells are not to restrict the flow or service flow and are not to be installed with sections outside the service being monitored.

2.9 DUCT THERMOMETER SUPPORT FLANGES

A. Description: Flanged-fitting bracket for mounting in hole of duct, with threaded end for attaching thermometer.

1. Extension-Neck Length: Nominal thickness of 50 mm, but not less than thickness of exterior insulation.

2. Insertion-Neck Length: Nominal thickness of 50 mm, but not less than thickness of insulation lining.

2.10 PRESSURE GAGES

A. Description: ASME B40.1, phosphor-bronze Bourdon tube type with bottom connection; dry type, for all purpose use. Liquid-filled-case type, for booster sets and pumps.

B. Case: Drawn steel, brass, or aluminum with 115 mm diameter, glass lens.

C. Connector: Brass, DN8.

D. Scale: White-coated aluminum with permanently etched markings.

E. Accuracy: Grade A, plus or minus 1 percent of middle 50 percent of scale.

F. Range: Comply with the following:

1. Vacuum: 100 kPa of vacuum to 103 kPa of pressure.

2. Fluids under Pressure: Two times the operating pressure.

2.11 PRESSURE-GAGE FITTINGS

A. Valves: DN8 brass or stainless-steel needle type.

B. Syphons: DN8 coil of brass tubing with threaded ends.

C. Snubbers: ASME B40.5, DN8 brass bushing with corrosion-resistant porous-metal disc of material suitable for system fluid and working pressure.

2.12 TEST PLUGS

A. Description: Nickel-plated, brass-body test plug in DN15 fitting.

B. Body: Length as required to extend beyond insulation.

C. Pressure Rating: 3450 kPa minimum.

D. Core Insert: Self-sealing valve, suitable for inserting 3 mm OD probe from dial-type thermometer or pressure gage.

E. Core Material for Air, Water, Oil, and Gas: Minus 7 to plus 93 deg. C, chlorosulfonated polyethylene synthetic rubber.

F. Core Material for Air and Water: Minus 35 to plus 136 deg. C, ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer rubber.

G. Test-Plug Cap: Gasketed and threaded cap, with retention chain or strap.

H. Test Kit: Pressure gage and adapter with probe, two bimetal dial thermometers, and carrying case.

1. Pressure Gage and Thermometer Ranges: Approximately two times the system's operating conditions.

2.13 FLOW-MEASURING SYSTEMS

A. System includes calibrated flow element, separate meter, hoses or tubing, valves, fittings, and conversion chart compatible with flow element, meter, and system fluid.

1. Flow range of flow-measuring element and meter covers operating range of equipment or system where used.

2. Display: Visual instantaneous rate of flow.

3. Display: Visual instantaneous rate of flow, with register to indicate total volume in liters.

B. Permanent Meters: Suitable for wall or bracket mounting. equivalent, dial with fittings and copper tubing for connecting to flow element. Include 150 mm diameter, or

1. Scale: Liters per second.

2. Accuracy: Plus or minus 1 percent of center 60 percent of range.

C. Include complete operating instructions with each meter.

D. Venturi Flow Elements: design, flow-element fitting made for installation in piping.

1. Construction: Bronze, brass, or factory-primed steel; with brass fittings and attached tag with flow conversion data. Include ends threaded for DN50 and smaller elements and flanged or welded for DN65 and larger elements.

2. Pressure Rating: 1725 kPa.

3. Temperature Rating: 121 deg. C.

E. Pitot-Tube Flow Elements: Differential-pressure design with probe made for insertion into piping.

1. Construction: Stainless-steel probe of length to span inside of pipe, with brass fittings and attached tag with flow conversion data.

2. Pressure Rating: 1035 kPa.

3. Temperature Rating: 121 deg. C.

2.14 TURBINE FLOWMETERS

A. Description: Insertion type; measures flow directly in liters per second.

1. Construction: Bronze or stainless-steel body and plastic turbine or impeller, with integral direct-reading scale.

2. Pressure Rating: 1035 kPa minimum.

3. Temperature Rating: 82 deg. C minimum.

4. Display: Visual instantaneous rate of flow.

5. Display: Visual instantaneous rate of flow, with register to indicate total volume in liters.

6. Accuracy: Plus or minus 2-1/2 percent.

2.15 VORTEX-SHEDDING FLOWMETERS

A. In-Line Vortex-Shedding Flowmeter: Made for installation between pipe flanges; measures flow directly in liters per second.

1. Construction: Stainless-steel body, with integral transmitter and direct-reading scale.

2. Pressure Rating: 6900 kPa minimum.

3. Temperature Rating: 260 deg. C minimum.

4. Display: Visual instantaneous rate of flow.

5. Display: Visual instantaneous rate of flow, with register to indicate total volume in liters.

6. Integral Transformer: For low-voltage power operation.

7. Accuracy: Plus or minus 7-10 percent for liquids and 1-1/4 percent for gases.

B. Insertion Vortex-Shedding Flowmeter: Made for installation in pipe; measures flow directly in liters per second.

1. Construction: Stainless-steel probe, with integral transmitter and direct-reading scale. 

2. Pressure Rating: 6900 kPa minimum.

3. Temperature Rating: 260 deg. C minimum.

4. Display: Visual instantaneous rate of flow.

5. Display: Visual instantaneous rate of flow, with register to indicate total volume in liters.

6. Integral Transformer: For low-voltage power connection.

7. Accuracy: Plus or minus 1 percent for liquids and 1-1/2 percent for gases.

2.16 FLOW INDICATORS

A. Description: Instrument for visual verification of flow; made for installation in piping systems.

1. Construction: Bronze or stainless-steel body, with sight glass and plastic pelton-wheel indicator.

2. Pressure Rating: 860 kPa.

3. Temperature Rating: 93 deg. C.

2.17 THERMAL-ENERGY FLOWMETERS

A. Instruments include turbine-wheel flowmeter, two temperature sensors, transmitter, solid-state calculator with integral battery pack, integral stop valves, strainer, and magnetic trap.

B. Instruments include turbine-wheel or flow-sensor element and meter, two temperature sensors, transmitter, solid-state calculator with integral battery pack, integral stop valves, strainer, and magnetic trap.

1. Construction: Bronze body.

2. Pressure Rating: 860 kPa.

3. Temperature Range: 0 to 121 deg. C.

4. Data Output: Six-digit electromechanical counter with readout in kilowatt hours or joules.

5. Accuracy: Plus or minus 1 percent.

6. Battery Pack: Five-year lithium battery.

2.18 WATER METERS

A. Description: AWWA C700, displacement type, bronze case. Registers flow in liters ог cubic meters as required by utility.

B . Description: AWWA C701, turbine type.

Registers flow in liters or cubic meters as required by utility.

C. Description: AWWA C702, compound type, bronze case. Registers flow in liters or cubic meters as required by utility.

D. Description: AWWA C703, UL-listed, FM- approved, main-line, proportional, detector type; 1035 kPa working pressure; with meter on bypass. Registers flow in liters or cubic meters as required by utility.

1. Bypass Meter: AWWA C702, compound type, bronze case; size not less than one-half nominal size of main-line meter.

2. Bypass Meter: AWWA C701, turbine type, bronze case; size not less than one-half nominal size of main-line meter.

E. Description: AWWA C703, UL-listed, FM- approved, main-line-turbine, detector type; 1200 kPa working pressure; with strainer and with meter on bypass. Registers flow in liters or cubic meters as required by utility.

1. Bypass Meter: AWWA C701, turbine type, bronze case; not less than DN50.

F. Remote Registration System: Utility's standard; direct-reading type complying with AWWA C706; modified with signal transmitting assembly, low-voltage connecting wiring, and remote register assembly.

G. Remote Registration System: Utility's standard; encoder-type complying with AWWA C707; modified with signal transmitting assembly, low-voltage connecting wiring, and remote register assembly.

1. Data-Acquisition Units: Comply with utility's requirements for type and quantity.

2. Visible Display Units: Comply with utility's requirements for type and quantity.